What is the difference between in-band and out-of-band management?
In-band management reaches a device over the production network it serves, using SSH or HTTPS through the LAN or a VPN. Out-of-band management uses a separate path, usually a console server with its own cellular link, so it still works when the production network, the firewall or the internet circuit is down, as long as the console server and its cellular link are up.


